At the age of 40, aging begins to "start", and many people feel a decline in vitality. Studies have also confirmed that at this age, immune function declines and levels of inflammation-related factors rise, and the risk of cardiovascular disease and metabolic diseases begins to increase.
Life Times combines the views of many experts to help you stay on track with the physical indicators of longevity.
Zheng Bolong, deputy chief physician of the spine surgery department of Xi 'an Honghui Hospital, said that if the age is over 40, the following seven indicators are normal, even doctors will envy.
Indicator 1: Weight standard
Wang Youfa, chairman of the Obesity Prevention and Control branch of the Chinese Nutrition Society, said that at present, the most commonly used diagnostic criteria is body mass index [BMI= weight (kg)/ height (m) square], China recommends that adults with a BMI greater than or equal to 24 is diagnosed as overweight, and greater than or equal to 28 is obese.
To determine whether you need to lose weight, you also need to look at these indicators:
waistline
Chinese men's normal waist circumference should be less than 90 cm, women less than 85 cm, more than this range is abdominal obesity.
Measuring method: Stand with feet 25~30 cm apart. The soft ruler through the umbilical 0.5~1 cm horizontally around a week, obese people choose the waist thickest level around a week measurement.
Waist-hip ratio
Waist-to-hip ratio (waist/hip circumference) can reflect the degree of central obesity. The World Health Organization defines central obesity as a waist-to-hip ratio of more than 0.9 for men and 0.85 for women.
How to measure: Stand upright with your legs together and wrap a tape measure around the widest part of your hips to measure hip circumference.
Subcutaneous fat thickness
The thickness of subcutaneous fat in the abdominal wall should be less than 15 mm for men and not more than 20 mm for women. Usually requires a professional sebum thickness meter to measure.
Indicator 2: Stable blood pressure
Normal blood pressure: systolic
Ideal blood pressure: systolic
In the absence of antihypertensive drugs, three blood pressure measurements of ≥140 mm Hg systolic and/or ≥90 mm Hg diastolic on different days can be diagnosed as hypertension.
Indicator 3: Moderate blood sugar
Fasting blood glucose above 7.0 mmol/l is hyperglycemia and below 3.61 mmol/L is hypoglycemia.
Fasting blood sugar is between 6.1 and 7 mmol/l, which is pre-diabetes.
Two repeated measurements of ≥7.0 mmol/L confirm the diagnosis of diabetes.
Indicator 4: Normal blood lipids
Dyslipidemia or not, mainly look at total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein cholesterol, low density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglycerides these four indicators.
Total cholesterol: ≤5.2 mmol/L;
Low density lipoprotein cholesterol: < 3.4 mmol/L;
High density lipoprotein cholesterol: 0.96 to 1.15 mmol/l in men and 0.90 to 1.55 mmol/L in women;
Triglyceride: 0.56~1.7 mmol/L.
Indicator 5: Osteoporosis
Ma Jianhua, chief orthopedic physician of Beijing Geriatric Hospital, said that the normal bone mineral density (BMD) is within -1.0SD; When bone mass decreased, bone mineral density was lower than the peak bone mass of the same sex - 1-2.5SD; Osteoporosis is diagnosed when bone mineral density is lower than the peak bone mass of the same sex -2.5SD.
Indicator 6: Normal liver function
Huainan City, Anhui province Shouxian People's Hospital in charge of the laboratory inspector Chang Ren said that there are generally the following six indicators to assist the assessment of liver conditions.
Alanine aminotransferase and oxalacetic aminotransferase
If elevated levels of them are detected in the blood, it usually means that liver cells have been damaged.
bilirubin
Elevated bilirubin may indicate problems such as liver cell damage, biliary obstruction, or hemolysis.
Total protein, albumin and globulin
The decrease of total protein and albumin may be related to chronic liver disease and cirrhosis. Elevated globulin may indicate problems such as infection, autoimmune disease, or progression of liver disease.
Alkaline phosphatase and γ-glutamyltransferase
Elevated levels of this indicator may indicate diseases such as biliary obstruction, hepatitis, cirrhosis, or liver cancer.
Adenosine dehydrogenase
Associated with the activity and severity of liver disease. In acute hepatitis, adenosine dehydrogenase may be slightly elevated. In severe hepatitis, adenosine dehydrogenase is significantly elevated.
Cholinesterase
A decrease in cholinesterase may indicate impaired liver synthesis.
Indicator 7: Normal renal function
Pu Danlan, deputy chief physician of the endocrinology department of the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Chongqing University, said that routine urine examination can be said to be the first choice for "checking" the kidneys.
When kidney function is abnormal, indicators such as the amount of protein in the urine or urine volume can change.
Urine volume
Generally, the total amount of urine excreted by adults within 24 hours is 1000~2000 ml. Polyuria may occur in chronic pyelonephritis, hypertensive nephropathy and early stage of chronic renal failure. In acute glomerulonephritis, acute episodes of chronic nephritis, acute renal failure and other diseases, oliguria or anuria may occur.
Color and transparency
Normal fresh urine is light yellow and clear. The red blood cells in normal subjects were 0- occasional/high power field. When more than 3 / high magnification of the field of view, often seen in acute glomerulonephritis, chronic nephritis, renal tuberculosis, renal tumors or acute cystitis.
No more than 5 white blood cells and pus cells were detected by uroscopy in normal people. When this value is exceeded, it may be acute glomerulonephritis, pyelonephritis, and renal tuberculosis. pH (pH)
Under normal dietary conditions, the random uric acid alkalinity ranges from 4.5 to 8.0. Urine pH decreased in nephritis. In renal tubular acidosis, urine pH increases.
protein
Urine protein content of normal people is very small, persistent proteinuria is one of the signs of kidney disease, but also reflects the progression of kidney disease. Urinary microalbumin (mALB)
Microalbuminuria is usually considered as early kidney disease, which is a sign of early kidney damage such as diabetic nephropathy and hypertensive nephropathy.
Want to keep the indicators of the body normal, is to start from the small things in life. Eat a balanced diet, omnivore is not biased; Have a regular life, sleep enough, avoid staying up late; Exercise regularly, do what you can, and avoid sitting for too long; Happy mood, timely relieve the pressure, adjust the mentality.
Chinese version of this article from the Life Times
Post time: Sep-09-2024