Because osteoporosis has no obvious symptoms in the early stage, the disease is also known as the "silent killer". Osteoporosis can be diagnosed and treatable. Due to age, lifestyle changes resulting in reduced exercise, lack of sun exposure, unbalanced diet, decrease of female hormone levels and drug use, bone density and bone quality decline, damage of bone microstructure, resulting in increased bone fragility, and thus prone to fracture of systemic bone disease. Moreover, the occurrence of osteoporosis is not limited to the middle-aged and elderly, but also tends to be younger and younger.
1 .Daily prevention of osteoporosis
1) Dietary intake of calcium-rich foods, such as seafood, soy products, dairy products, nuts and other calcium-added foods
2) Do appropriate weight bearing and aerobic exercise, avoid heavy load and strenuous exercise;
3) Stay away from tobacco and alcohol, and drink coffee in moderation and small amounts;
4) Ensure a certain amount of time and number of outdoor sports, more sun;
5) Maintain correct posture to avoid stooping and aggravating bone burden.
2. Commonly used anti-osteoporosis drugs
Bone resorption inhibitors: bisphosphonates, desumab, calcitonin, estrogen, selective estrogen receptor modulators, etc.
Bone formation enhancer: parathyroid hormone analogue: Teriparatide;
Double-acting drugs: Romozomab;
Other mechanism drugs: active vitamin D and its analogues, vitamin K2;
Chinese patent medicine: total flavone preparation of bone crusher supplement, total flavone preparation of Epimedium, artificial tiger bone powder preparation, Chinese medicine compound preparation, etc
3. Bone density screening methods
Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) is the gold standard for the diagnosis of osteoporosis. Dual-energy X-ray bone densitometer has the advantages of fast scanning speed (2-5 minutes), high precision and accuracy, low radioactive dose, and can accurately evaluate the health status of human bones. It is a common method for early diagnosis of osteoporosis, disease monitoring and drug efficacy evaluation.
4. Bone density screening is suitable for the population
1) Postmenopausal women and men over 60 years of age with other risk factors for osteoporosis.
2) Smoking, excessive alcohol or coffee consumption, lack of physical activity, sun exposure, calcium and vitamin D deficiency.
3) Patients with a history of fragility fracture or family history of fragility fracture or family history of osteoporosis.
4) Low levels of sex hormones caused by various reasons.
5) X-rays show changes in osteoporosis.
6) Patients with diseases of bone mineral metabolism (rheumatoid arthritis, renal insufficiency, lupus erythematosus, etc.) or taking drugs that may affect bone mineral metabolism (such as glucocorticoids, antiepileptic drugs, acid suppressive drugs, etc.).
Post time: Nov-18-2024